THE DEMAND FOR PEACE FOR THE MODERN WORLD IN HISTORY IN THE LIGHT OF THE PROPHET'S (PBUH) CAMPAIGNS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

Abstract

In a world increasingly marred by violence, ideological extremism, and socio-political unrest, the call for sustainable and just peace has never been more urgent. This study seeks to examine the life and campaigns of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a foundational model for peace-building in contemporary global contexts. Contrary to common misconceptions that associate his military engagements with aggression or expansionism, the Prophet's (PBUH) campaigns were fundamentally rooted in the principles of justice, restraint, and the pursuit of long-term peace. The paper explores the socio-political landscape of pre-Islamic Arabia, where tribal warfare and cycles of revenge dominated. It then presents Islam’s transformative approach, particularly under the Prophet’s leadership, which introduced ethical warfare, negotiation, and inclusive reconciliation. Through a detailed analysis of key campaigns such as Badr, Uhud, the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, the Conquest of Makkah, and Tabuk, this study highlights the Prophet’s consistent emphasis on mercy, protection of civilians, adherence to treaties, and forgiveness even in the face of betrayal and hostility.

Keywords : Ghazwat, History Of Islam, Co-Existence, Peace, Non-Combatants. Islamic Teachings